Petr Humpolíček focuses on research in the fields of biomaterials, cell biology, and genetics. He integrates these areas through the study and testing of material biocompatibility. His specialization lies in the development of biomimetic materials, particularly those based on conductive polymers.

Petr Humpolíček has served, or is currently serving, as the principal investigator on six projects funded by the Czech Science Foundation. These projects systematically explore the interactions between materials—especially electrically conductive and anisotropic ones—and cellular models. Special emphasis is placed on simulating in vivo conditions within in vitro experiments, as well as on the development and application of alternative methods for biocompatibility testing.

As part of the SurfToGreen project, funded by the HORIZON-JU-CBE-2023 program, he and his colleagues are also working on the development of a new portfolio of fully bio-based surfactants for key industrial applications.